Gul Ghotay and her daughter Naseema and Naseema's friend Latifa in blue.

Gul Ghotay, a widow lives with her two daughters and a son in Feristan IDP settlement. Her husband died five year ago. Her oldest son is separated and living in Herat with his family. Her second son has become an opium addicts and she doesn’t know about his fate anymore. Zalmay, 17, her youngest son and her lost hope has been affected with Tuberculosis TB in the settlement. The family was living in substandard makeshift home in the river bed of Feristan settlement. 

Though Zalmay is suffering from Tuberculosis, but he is the only breadwinner for his family of four. He has recently started selling sandwich in the market. 
 

“we weren’t bothered by heat neither were we cold in our village. We are suffering all the time since we have been displaced. My son was healthy and now he coughs for hours or sometimes he brings out all his clothes and the other time he feels cold and asking me to put all the blankets over him. He acts weirdly and sometimes he doesn’t want to eat for days. The doctors say he has to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables and chicken meat, but the problem is that where can I get those all for him?”
 
“The doctors in Badghis told us to take him to Herat. We didn’t have enough to take him there. So I borrowed 10,000 AFN (Approx. $140) from my brother and took him there. The doctors give him some medicine and asked to visit them frequently.  Now I don’t have enough to take him in Herat or buy him medicine."


Zalmay, 17, is infected with tuberculosis in Feristan IDP settlement where he and his family lived for over five months. 

“I felt pain in the chest at the beginning and then was coughing. I didn’t tell my mom unless it got worst. I went to doctor and the doctors said I have been infected with tuberculosis. They gave me medicine for two months and asked me to visit them again. There have not been any changes or progress in my health. I still feel pain in my chest and coughing up blood.” 
Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
AFGHANISTAN

Naseema (9) flytter inn i nytt telt

BADGHIS/Qala-e-naw: Naseema (9) har bodd fem måneder under en enkel presenning. Den siste måneden har vært iskald. Nå flytter familien inn i et varmt telt.

Ute på et goldt jorde har et tusentalls familier slått seg ned i en teltklynge. Teltleiren har fått navnet Feristan og ligger nær Qala-e-naw som er hovedstaden i Badghisprovinsen i Afghanistan.

– Før tørken drev oss på flukt klarte vi oss bra. Vi hadde et trygt og godt hjem. Vi hadde nok mat, og vi klarte å holde varmen gjennom vinteren. Livet på flukt er beinhardt og vi lider, sier Gul Ghotay, og drar det grønne teppet tettere rundt seg. Familien har klart seg gjennom nok en bitende kald natt. Gradestokken er krøpet ned mot null grader i løpet av natten.

From right to left: Naseema, 9, Gul Ghotay's second daughter and Naseema's friend Latifa (in blue) inside their makeshift home in Feristan IDP settlement. PHoto: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
VENNINNER: Guls datter Naseema (9) og venninnen Latifa (til venstre) i døråpningen på familiens gamle og enkle telt.

Drepende kulde venter

Familien Ghotay er en av de mange tusen familiene som har forlatt sine hjem nord og vest i Afghanistan på grunn av tørke. Langvarig tørke har ført til dårlige og feilslåtte avlinger og husdyrene har sultet i hjel eller er blitt solgt. Dette har ødelagt livsgrunnlaget til bøndene og redusert inntektene dramatisk. Nå trekker de inn til de større byene for å få hjelp til å overleve. 

 

Mange har kun klart å få med seg det aller nødvendigste, andre står helt på bar bakke. Kamphandlinger og den vanskelige sikkerhetssituasjonen har også bidratt til at mange drives på flukt. Nå står vinteren for tur, og kulde og sykdommer har allerede begynt å kreve sine første ofre.

From right to left: Naseema, 9, Gul Ghotay's daughter and her friends, Dunya Gul and Mohammad Arif, warming their fingers in a cold day in Feristan IDP settlement in Qala-i-naw, Badghis. PHoto: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
BÅLVARME: Naseema (9), datteren til Gul Ghotay, forsøker å varme seg på et bål sammen med vennene Dunya og Mohammad.

– Jeg har bodd her i fem måneder sammen med mine to døtre og én sønn. Mannen min døde for fem år siden. Den eldste sønnen min er voksen og bor med familie sin i Herat. Den nest eldste sønnen min er narkoman og opiumbruker, og det er flere år siden jeg hadde kontakt med han, forteller hun.

Yngstesønnen Zalmay (17) er nå hennes siste håp. Men på grunn av de helsefarlige forholdene i leiren har han utviklet tuberkulose.

Selv om Zalmay er alvorlig syk, er det han som forsørger familien på fire. Den siste tiden har han sørget for inntekter ved å selge smørbrød på markedet.

Kjøp gaver med mening

Gul Ghotay puts her finger prints at the bottom of paper to receive a tent from NRC in Qala-i-naw.

Gul Ghotay, a widow lives with her two daughters and a son in Feristan IDP settlement. Her husband died five year ago. Her oldest son is separated and living in Herat with his family. Her second son has become an opium addicts and she doesn’t know about his fate anymore. Zalmay, 17, her youngest son and her lost hope has been affected with Tuberculosis TB in the settlement. The family was living in substandard makeshift home in the river bed of Feristan settlement. 

Though Zalmay is suffering from Tuberculosis, but he is the only breadwinner for his family of four. He has recently started selling sandwich in the market. 
 

“we weren’t bothered by heat neither were we cold in our village. We are suffering all the time since we have been displaced. My son was healthy and now he coughs for hours or sometimes he brings out all his clothes and the other time he feels cold and asking me to put all the blankets over him. He acts weirdly and sometimes he doesn’t want to eat for days. The doctors say he has to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables and chicken meat, but the problem is that where can I get those all for him?”
 
“The doctors in Badghis told us to take him to Herat. We didn’t have enough to take him there. So I borrowed 10,000 AFN (Approx. $140) from my brother and took him there. The doctors give him some medicine and asked to visit them frequently.  Now I don’t have enough to take him in Herat or buy him medicine."


Zalmay, 17, is infected with tuberculosis in Feristan IDP settlement where he and his family lived for over five months. 

“I felt pain in the chest at the beginning and then was coughing. I didn’t tell my mom unless it got worst. I went to doctor and the doctors said I have been infected with tuberculosis. They gave me medicine for two months and asked me to visit them again. There have not been any changes or progress in my health. I still feel pain in my chest and coughing up blood.” 
Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
ANALFABET: Enken Gul Ghotay er analfabet og signerer med fingeravtrykk for å komme på Flyktninghjelpens distribusjonsliste.

Analfabet

Gul har allerede vært på Flyktninghjelpens kontor og lager nær leiren.

– Jeg signerte med et fingerstempel ettersom jeg aldri har lært å lese og skrive, forklarer Gul.

Tidligere lå teltleiren et stykke ned i dalen ved et uttørket elveleie, men sammen med lokale myndigheter har Flyktninghjelpen flyttet alle familiene litt lenger opp i dalen, slik at de ikke risikerer å bli tatt av flom eller jordras når vannstanden øker i løpet av høsten og vinteren.

NRC team in Qala-i-naw assisting with unloading and hauling 735 tents for displaced families living in makeshift tents in Feristan IDP settlement in Badghis. The families have been displaced due recent drought and climate change and long lasting conflict in rural parts of Badghis. The tents are donated by ECHO. Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
TELT: Flyktninghjelpens ansatte sørger for at teltene distribueres og settes opp.

Logistikk og organisering

Lastebilen med telt har ankommet leiren og Flyktninghjelpens medarbeidere er begynt å lesse av teltene.

NRC shelter advisor, Miriam Lopez, and team are on site busy demarcating the new location for the IDPs in Feristan2 settlement. The team assessed the suitability of the site for the IDPs and were just also creating more space for each family to have their tent home based on the agreed global criteria. Since many families use fire wood and another flammable material to keep themselves warm during the winter the team is also trying to create more space between the tents to prevent them from burning.  Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
TELT-EKSPERTEN: Miriam Lopez, som leder Flyktninghjelpens arbeid med å sette opp telt i leiren, og hennes team er i ferd med å rede grunnen for de nye teltene. Teamet sjekker grunnen og sørger for at det er nok plass mellom teltene, slik at man minimerer brannfaren. Familiene bruker åpen ild til koking og oppvarming.

Miriam Lopez, som leder Flyktninghjelpens arbeid med å sette opp telt i leiren, og hennes team har allerede merket av hvor det nye teltet til familien Ghotay skal stå.

– Teamet har sjekket grunnen og sørget for at det er nok plass mellom teltene, slik at vi minimerer brannfaren. Familiene bruker åpen ild til koking og oppvarming, forklarer Lopez.

Families are erecting tents in Feristan IDP settlement donated by NRC with support from ECHO. The Family Tent has 16 m2 main floor area, plus two 3.5m2 vestibules, for a total area of 23 m2, double-fold with ground sheet to house an entire family of eight. This family tents have a life span of 1 year, minimum, maintaining its sheltering and waterproofing capacities in all types of climates.
Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
HJELP: Familie og naboer hjelper hverandre med å få opp de nye teltene.

Flyktninghjelpen en sentral aktør

Gul får anvist plassen hvor det nye teltet skal settes opp. Naboene hjelper til, og snart reiser det nye hvite teltet seg, og føyer seg inn i rekkene av nye telt.

Den lett gjenkjennelige oransje logoen til Flyktninghjelpen er plassert godt synlig på telttakene.

Den lett gjenkjennelige oransje logoen til Flyktninghjelpen er plassert godt synlig på telttakene.

This drone footage shows the size and scale of displaced family tents in one of the IDP settlement in Badghis. There are thousands of makeshift homes spread between mountain hills on the outskirt of Qala-i-naw city. 

An estimated 150 thousand families from rural areas of Badghis have left their homes for Qala-i-naw as the ongoing drought and climate change struck their villages. As of November, a total of 340,406 people have been affected by natural disasters throughout Afghanistan and out of that, 158,000 have been displaced only in Badghis province.  

Drought isn’t the only challenge that these families are fronting in the region; the deteriorating prolonged security situation has also added to their miseries. Many families can’t return to their homes fearing Taliban harassment and forced recruitment. The harsh winter conditions are a major challenge for the displaced families.

The families are living in seven different collective sites hoping to get humanitarian assistance. Many INGOs, including NRC and the UN bodies are involved in responding to the families. Based on UN OCHA, the first batch of 15,000 tents were delivered to Herat on 24 November. The distribution of tents in Badghis and Herat is underway by NRC and other NGOs for those who are in need of shelter. There will also be NFIs distribution for 10,000 households in both Herat and Badghis.
Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
DRONEFOTO: Et dronefoto viser litt av størrelsen på leirene. De nye hvite teltene Flyktninghjelpen setter opp viser godt igjen i terrenget.

Fra luften danner teltene klare parallelle linjer og vitner om at her finnes det en plan som skal redusere faren for brann og oversvømmelse. I ytterkanten av leiren er det satt opp en rekke latriner bygget i aluminium.

Gul Ghotay, a widow lives with her two daughters and a son in Feristan IDP settlement. Her husband died five year ago. Her oldest son is separated and living in Herat with his family. Her second son has become an opium addicts and she doesn’t know about his fate anymore. Zalmay, 17, her youngest son and her lost hope has been affected with Tuberculosis TB in the settlement. The family was living in substandard makeshift home in the river bed of Feristan settlement. 

Though Zalmay is suffering from Tuberculosis, but he is the only breadwinner for his family of four. He has recently started selling sandwich in the market. 
 

“we weren’t bothered by heat neither were we cold in our village. We are suffering all the time since we have been displaced. My son was healthy and now he coughs for hours or sometimes he brings out all his clothes and the other time he feels cold and asking me to put all the blankets over him. He acts weirdly and sometimes he doesn’t want to eat for days. The doctors say he has to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables and chicken meat, but the problem is that where can I get those all for him?”
 
“The doctors in Badghis told us to take him to Herat. We didn’t have enough to take him there. So I borrowed 10,000 AFN (Approx. $140) from my brother and took him there. The doctors give him some medicine and asked to visit them frequently.  Now I don’t have enough to take him in Herat or buy him medicine."


Zalmay, 17, is infected with tuberculosis in Feristan IDP settlement where he and his family lived for over five months. 

“I felt pain in the chest at the beginning and then was coughing. I didn’t tell my mom unless it got worst. I went to doctor and the doctors said I have been infected with tuberculosis. They gave me medicine for two months and asked me to visit them again. There have not been any changes or progress in my health. I still feel pain in my chest and coughing up blood.” 
Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad
KLAR TIL INNFLYTTING: Gul Ghotay og datteren Naseema (9) hjelper til med å sette opp familiens nye hjem. I løpet av et par timer er jobben gjort og de kan flytte inn.

Endelig innflytting

Etter fem måneder på flukt kan endelig familien Ghotay flytte inn i et skikkelig vinterisolert telt. Teltene er på 23 kvadratmeter og kan huse en familie på seks. De er vanntette og vinterisolerte med dobbel duk og kraftig bunn. Teltene har minimum levetid på ett år. I første omgang deler vi ut 2.500 telt.

A boy in Feristan IDP settlement camp selling vegetables. “what else can I do here. some people have money and buy it and the rest are all asking it to pay in different installments. It is good. I’m happy. At least there will remain some for me at the end of the day to take home and cook.”  Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad

Ekstrem nød

I nærheten av det nye teltet har en gutt satt opp en enkel salgsbod der han tilbyr løk og andre grønnsaker. – Det er ikke så my annet jeg kan gjøre for å tjene til livets opphold her i leiren. Noen familier har fremdeles penger og kan kjøpe. Slik klarer jeg å skaffe litt penger og det jeg ikke selger tar jeg med hjem til teltet, slik at familien ikke sulter, forteller han.

Displaced children staring at the eggs in fort of a small stall in Feristan IDP settlement. People have lost their saving and can’t afford buying meat and food for their children. They are usually taking food two times a day and that’s only boiled water with sugar and wheat bread.  Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad

Noen barn har samlet seg rundt en salgsbod i leiren. En liten gutt sender et langt blikk etter noen egg som er bydd frem for salg. De færreste har penger til å kjøpe noe. Vareutvalget gjenspeiler dette. Kjøtt er luksus. De heldigste får to måltider om dagen. Vanligvis består det av kokt vann med sukker og brød.

Sola er i ferd med å gå ned. Barna leker med steiner og trepinner. Noen eldre menn har samlet seg i grupper og diskuterer høylytt. Kvinnene sitter inni eller utenfor teltene. De prater, tilbereder mat og sørger for ved til bålene. 

When the sun starts going down the youth are gathering on the hill top just outside the Feristan camp for wrestling. The children are playing marbles during the day and the elders sit outside the makeshift homes, talking and talking for hours. The women and girls are sitting inside or outside their small and overcrowded makeshift tents and sometime prepare food when they have enough firewood.

“Most of us used to work on the agricultural fields and some were busy going to schools and Madrasas. And now, we have nothing to do during the day and no job opportunities at all. The city is also far from here to go and work and I think we are just abandoned here. we are wrestling to overcome the pressures and forget about our loans that we have taken,” said one of the wrestlers.   
Photo: NRC/Enayatullah Azad

Forsøker å glemme problemene

En gruppe unge og eldre menn har samlet seg på et høydedrag over leiren. De danner en ring. Inne i ringen har to unge menn tatt brytetak på hverandre. Bryting er folkesport i Afghanistan og mennene har nok av fritid ettersom det er umulig å få tak i lønnet arbeid.

– De fleste av oss hadde mer enn nok å gjøre da vi dyrket jorda og barna gikk på skole. Her finnes det hverken arbeid eller skole. Det er langt inn til byen og vi er overlatt til oss selv. Derfor arrangerer vi brytekamper, for å få tiden til å gå og glemme alle problemene for en stakket stund, sier en av deltakerne.